California is the nation's greatest state (sorry Texas) Essay

California is the nation's greatest state (sorry Texas) - Essay Example To measure the highly ranked stake between the two states, the variables under consideration include crime rate, employment rate, housing costs, access to employment, health insurance, education level and excellence, mortality rate, health, property tax, and pollution from industrialization, tourist attractions, income, and human activities. Overall, California stands a better chance of appealing to visitors and residents with the friendly socioeconomic environment. Less property tax influenced residents to invest in real estate that business owners can operate from their own premises other than renting working space. On the other hand, high property tax increases reduces the accessibility and acquisition of permanent housing or investment in some types of business such as those requiring the construction of complex premises. Between California and Texas, California stands a better chance of attracting investors and permanent property ownership. This is because as of 2013, California’s property tax was at an average of 0.80% against Texas average of 1.74%. By default, home buyers and other structure buyers are more likely to invest in a state where property tax is more accommodating (Wile, para. 6). The considerate property tax has also influenced better academic institution development leading to a higher graduation rate in California as compared to Texas. It is observed that nations with good and reliable education system attract higher graduation rates than nations that do not have the same quality if education systems. The US’s higher learning institutions are renowned for producing higher quality academic elites. However, general education system cannot tell a lot about specific states such as Texas and California. In its quest to support the national education quality, California has developed an education system that sees

Discuss Internet as a tool to International marketing research Essay

Discuss Internet as a tool to International marketing research - Essay Example This type of research must always have some form of data collection, whether it be secondary research or primary research, which is collected direct from a respondent. There are two types of research: quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative research involves numbers. An example, a fast food chain might ask customers to rate the service as excellent, good, poor or very poor. Qualitative research tries to understand how or why things are the way they are. The research involves more face-to-face contact. An example, a research might ask a consumers why they have decided to buy a certain type of soft drink. The Internet has changed how marketing research has changed internationally. Why, percentage wise, half the homes in the United States have computers. This movement came about for four reasons: the prices of personal computers are decreasing, current home connections, slow, but are now becoming more rapid, companies are spending large amounts of money on small internet- only computers, and the introduction of web television. All these factors have, and will continue to increase the number of people with access to the internet. What will also increase is the potential to gather information from consumers, access secondary data sources, advertise and sell products. This is a great advantage to businesses, and not just big businesses. Another advantage of the internet is that it puts all businesses-small and large- on a level playing field, in terms of marketing to potential customers through the internet. Marketing to customers over the internet requires research which is why market researchers are so important to the process. What are the international implications of internet marketing research International marketing research projects have been extremely complex to control and although researchers can communicate with market participants around the globe doing research on the internet can be expensive. To do effective international research, the researcher must consider two aspects particular to this kind of marketing research translation and culture.First aspect It is important that in different countries experts translate multilingual research because a textbook understanding of a language does not properly capture the required nuances. Also, countries differ in how they may use one particular word. Second aspect It is important that multicultural research requires a careful review as to the cultural tastes, preferences and taboos in each participating country. For example, in the United States and Europe opinion polls about state dignitaries are commonplace and newspapers, and magazines frequently print them. Yet, it is highly unlikely that an opinion poll about the royal family of Thailand would ever be conducted there, or published. Advantages The advantages of the internet and market research is that databases with incomplete addresses, lost international mail, time delays from mailing, and expensive time traveling have all been reduced considerably. Advertising According to a survey conducted by Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, there is a more mainstream audience present on the internet. That means a great deal to the business community. Advantages for advertising on the internet. First, businesses can reach their targeted audiences better. Websites request personal information about the

Colombia vs Venezuela Culture

Colombia vs Venezuela Culture Venezuelas Culture Compared to Colombias Culture Believe systems and traditions shared by a group of people are clearly defined the huge meaning of countrys culture. This culture could be transmitting easily between the neighboring countries. Obviously, those countries shared a lot of believe and tradition which is consequently defines the meaning of the countrys culture. However, Venezuela and Colombia are neighboring countries and even more both of them had discovered by Spanish explorers. So, the culture in both of them, at first glance, obtains many similarities, but in the other hand, there are a few differences. As long as Venezuela and Colombia were Spanish colony, ethnic group is one of the main aspects that both of them are shared. In Venezuela, Mestizo group, (Spanish and Portuguese term refer to Latin people of mixed European and Amerindians), forming the majority of Venezuelas population, about 67% beside other major groups like Whites who forming 21% of the population and minority of African Blacks and Native Americans. In Colombia, Mestizo comprises 55 percent of the population and the rest are a combination of Whites, African Blacks, and Native Americans. Beside the similarity in ethnic group, Spanish is the first official language in Venezuela and Colombia as well as English, recently, has become the countrys second official language. However, Venezuelas oil boom has also contributed to an increase English usage especially in the large cities. Same as in Colombian lagers cities, English, particularly used by the upper class, but it is not commonly understood or spoken. Another area of similarities between Venezuela and Colombia involve marriage. Marriage in Venezuela has a few legal restrictions unless the person marries someone of same sex and of illegal age. However, it is expected that people in Venezuela marry others of their same or higher social class including racial status. Also, groom and bride are often preferred to do the marriage ceremony in Catholic Church with their families. Likewise, in Colombia, the upper-middle and upper classes are encouraged to marry within their own class. On the other hand, people from lower and middle classes prefer to marry someone outside of their class. For instance, mestizos and blacks prefer to marry into white families. Also, Because of high expenses of marriage, Colombians from lower middle class may choose whether civil marriage or consensual marriage. Meanwhile, Upper class people, and people who live in urban areas are often married in the Catholic Church. Beside the similarities between both of them, they do have differences. One difference that is most notable is the main export item. Since Venezuela considered as the fifth biggest member of OPEC by production, Venezuelas most profitable export item is oil. Oil is largely exports to the main trading partner United States beside other major trading partners like Netherlands, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, Brazil, and Colombia. On the other hand, In Latin America, the two largest coffee producers are Brazil and Colombia. Colombia produces about 12% of the coffee in the world, so coffee is the main export item as well as other major export items like cut flowers, emeralds, and leather goods. However, those items mainly export to United States, Germany, Japan, The Netherlands and Switzerland. Other area of differences is the Medical and Health Care System. Venezuelas health-care system has a large array of public and private hospitals and clinics. Those public and private hospitals are opened to public whether upper, meddle or lower class. In contrast, health care in Colombia, recently, has been improved but this improvement has occurred mostly in upper class and middle class urban areas. In poor areas, people usually have limited access to the medical treatment and health care. Â  In conclusion, cultural differences manifest themselves in different ways and differing levels of depth. Venezuelan culture and Colombian culture shared many similarities and were different in other ways. However, the most three similarities they shared were ethnic groups, Official language and marriage. Meanwhile, trade and medical health care systems were sound pretty different from one another.

The pilgrimage of women in Laurences The Diviners Essay -- Margaret L

Feminism as defined in the feminist Dictionary (1985) is a "movement seeking the recognition of the world upon a basis of sex equality and all human relations," a movement which would reject every differentiation between individuals upon the ground of sex, would abolish all sex privileges and sex burdens and would strive up to the recognition of the common humanity as the foundation of law and custom. Feminist literature is a canonical text, which portrays the sufferings of women, insists on the need for protecting their rights and suggests means on their emancipation. Feminism may be considered as a social movement. It considers women as the oppressed group, upholds their right by presenting them as individuals and human beings. It affirms their capacities to be autonomous, intelligent, strong and successful. Feminist literatures, on the other hand, embody in their works of imagination some of these views. These literary texts question the current social assumption, which they depict as being subjective, prejudiced and one-sided. They capture the depressing conditions of women, implicate suggesting ways and means for resolving their problems. They plead for a kind of literature which would be free from the biased portraits of individuals because of their race, class and sex. In spite of slavery and suppression, the women have contributed their intellectual and imaginative might to the growth and development of the society and themselves. Toni Morrison, Barbara Smith, and Lorraine Hansberry , Margaret Laurence, Margaret Clarke, Margaret Atwood and Ethel Wilson are some of them, ?Pilgrimage is a journey to a sacred place As an act of religious devotion--- it Also mean... ...e want to see more of. But too many other people, especially those in Morag's present life are ciphers. Her daughter and daughters' companions are stereotypical hippies of the time. Her professor husband, her own friends and neighbours and assorted landladies all seem to perform their narrative functions and then shuffle offstage. It is clear that Laurence writes withan awareness of her ancestral past and therefore writes with an immigrant consciousness. It is again this immigrant consciousness working in her which accounts for the pervasive presence of journey motif , for immigration has always been in close association with journey, with movement across time and space. In the case of Canadian immigrants, journeys were to bigin with, motivated by exploration and quest and later on led to processes of self-realisation, identity and personality development.

Company Profile of Siemens Essay

Siemens is a German multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Munich, Germany. It is the largest Europe-based electronics and electrical engineering company. [1] Siemens is organised into six main divisions: Industry, Energy, Healthcare, Equity Investments, Siemens IT Solutions & Services and Siemens Financial Services. Human Resources Perspective : Siemens 3i Program The human resources perspective combines prescriptions for design of job tasks with theories of motivation. Siemens humanistic perspective on management is reflected on its 3i program, which applies Theory Y assumptions to tap into employee creativity and mind power. The 3i Program(ideas, impulses, initiatives) encourages ideas and suggestions from employees and rewards these initiatives. There are direct and indirect ways for improvement suggestions. Employees can either contact supervisor directly to voice their ideas (direct) or submit their suggestions to the 3i office, who will step in to find the responsible department(indirect). Employees will be rewarded if their improvement suggestions are adopted. Siemens has a huge number of motivated employees and thus enormous creative potential on ideas for improving work surroundings, optimizing processes, saving money or enhancing competitiveness. Today 100,000 3i suggestions a year are put into practice-at Siemens AG in Germany alone. [3] This Theory Y approach enables the company be rewarded by premiums totaling â‚ ¬300 million. Impact of Social Forces : Training in Siemens  Social forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people. One social force is the changing attitudes, ideas and values of Generation Y employees, who want a work environment with access to opportunities to learn and further their careers and personal goals. [4] In response to the social force of Gen Y workers, Siemens provides development programs teaching new skills or extending the skills employees already have. There are On-the-job training and Off-the job training. On-the-job training is conducted at the place of work through mentoring, shadowing, coaching, job rotation. Off-the job training takes place away from workplace through courses, presentations and qualifications. For entry level employees, Siemens has three main development programmes: apprenticeships, Siemens Commercial Academy and Siemens Graduate Programmes. These programs develop employees with the essential skills set they need in their everyday role and equip them for a long-term career at Siemens. By improving the development opportunities, employees feel the company values them. The motivation theories of Herzberg and Maslow show that staff work better when valued. This delivers long-term commitment and ensures benefits to the company. Knowledge Management Model : ICN/ICM ShareNet Siemens Information and Communication Networks(ICN)ShareNet is a community of around 18,000 sales, marketing, business and R & D people of Siemens ICN and ICM. ShareNet networks these experts globally and lets them share and develop their knowledge in order to create better customer solutions. 5]It focuses on enabling employees to transfer their tacit knowledge into explicit information. What’s more, ShareNet is independent of time zones and organizational structures, so urgent questions are generally answered within a few hours. ShareNet provides real life experience thus saves precious time in all phases of the value creation process. In addition to time, ShareNet saves consulting fees for Siemens, because the knowledge and analyses of external consultants’ reports are made available on a global scale whenever possible.

Review of “the Propaganda of the Saints in the Middle Ages.”

The â€Å"Propoganda of Saints in the Middle Ages† article, written by Esther Cohen, goes over many of the methods the Catholic Church employed to gain power over the people in Europe. Cohen goes through the middle ages by describing how the Catholic Church was spreading its faith; mainly through the use of propaganda. An Age of Faith took place between the fall of the Roman Empire and the discovery of America. Cohen describes how the in the early years of the church, martyred Christians rapidly assumed a high position in the churches hierarchy of faith. These saints where given to have special powers and gradually became central to the Catholic Church; as opposed to God. Cohen describes a clear attempt from the Church to portray a consistent propaganda campaign aimed at raising the level of sainthood in the public eye. This was not difficult to do as the church had three things with it that gave it absolute power. First thing the church had, was that its message it brought with it that could not be questioned in any way. The information they brought with them could not be voluntarily accepted or rejected, and the church had an obligation to spread that message. Secondly, the churches message was absolute and its authority was unquestionable. The church had no competition in that there was no one who could match the propaganda they brought. Lastly, the church had a centrally organized, universal message, which meant that it could be easily tailored for the masses. Pilgrimages became common; this cemented the church even further as they build grand churches filled with â€Å"holy relics† of the saints. These relics were given to have special powers when yielded by the saints of the church. Many of the pilgrims believed this message and probably never questioned it. Many of them were filled with awe when they saw the grand magnificence of the church and the stained glass windows within them (peasants would never see such sights if it hadn’t been for the church). The fact is that all of the church’s teachings came from a central point, making the message more or less universal and uniform. The central church was able to put together its message, and then pass it along to other churches that administered it to the masses. The message was hammered in generation to generation. The Catholic Church was a big influence in the lives of people in Europe. This essay by Cohen illustrates just how big an influence it actually was. From the very beginning, it brought a centralized message which was labelled indisputable. The reason it was followed was that since no one could actually challenge their message; they destroyed everything in their way to ensure it. Cohen really describes the transgression well as he describes it progress thru the ages and develop into what amounts to an international conglomerate. They opened up many different franchises, preaching the same message. Of course the message had its deviations; much of the church’s beliefs stemmed from the local saints. As saints were given more and more power; this was another good way of getting the locals to support their cause. It is remarkable at the amount of effective propaganda that came from the church in the earlier period of history; as there is not too much in the way of intelligent, centralized, effective messages before that time period. The church truly did stand the test of time even until today. It has and had tremendous effects over people’s lives as they try to come to terms with the world around them. The reason it’s so important is that even though Gods message has always been around over time, no one was more able to use it to their advantage other than the Catholic Church. The message became centralized and faith was transferred from God to local Saints, which also took away from any truth that the church might have brought with it. Their reason for doing it may be obvious, in that they ended up controlling massive amounts of territory and even holding sway over Kings and Nobles; the ultimate aphrodisiac happens to be power. The church had no boundaries so it could cross vast amounts of areas relatively untouched. Cohen s article really is a shocking look at some of the practises of the Clergy creating magnificent churches and housing â€Å"Holy Relics† in them to prove their point. This is the precursor to what we knew as propaganda as it seems the Catholic Church must have had people working for them who knew how to get the masses attention. Their organization stood the test of time; and possibly did everything they possibly could to maintain it. Towards the end of the Church’s iron grip over Europe, the organization was so engrained in the people’s hearts and minds that it, even hundreds of years later, still holds tremendous sway over what kinds of decisions people make in their lives. Even if there are not as many people who follow the Catholic Church as much as they would have done in the past, the Pope is regarded as an important symbol for peace the world over (even though the words peaceful and the Roman Catholic Church can hardly be used in the same sentence). It appears that the Church values its image very highly, and tend to move with the times according to the general feeling what it would consider its subjects. In the past, the church would not hesitate to use force to establish themselves in a certain area; but in this politically charged world, they have given themselves more of a cleaner image by not physically attacking their opposition. It is shocking to read about how they Church went as far as to make fake relics filled with tears, etc. Going to the lengths they went to, it is clear how they could have held so much power. The Catholic Church was known to be ruthless in their all encompassing network. They went to great lengths to preserve this power. This is evident from the very beginning of the church as its entire history is drenched with warfare and power grabbing. One of the tools church had at its disposal was the power of knowledge, which it did its best to hoard. Knowledge is power, and keeping the masses ignorant helped it keep its power structure. The Catholic Church confiscated or destroyed everything that it considered against the church. This led to many works that may have criticised the power structure labelled as heresy; resulting in the torture and death of the writer or anyone associated with it. The article delves into some important details about the manipulation of materials to grab people’s attention. The strategies and tactics the church used were remarkable in that they built magnificent cathedrals just so they could bring in pilgrims to show them holy relics, which they were told had special powers. Having the knowledge and expertise to build such churches at such a time shows a very large concerted effort to push an agenda forward. The Catholic Church has truly stood the test of time in many ways; they were able to successfully push their message across and labelled it undisputable, at the same time making an effort to expand and keep the people eating from their hands. Even today, there are very few in politics who would dare cross the line to admonish the church, as it would mean suicide in the world of politicians. They would rather have the church as an ally, which does tend to give them a better image in the public’s view. In the past and even now, top elected officials have to appear to be faithful, or otherwise the mentality of the voting public would hardly chose them. In â€Å"Critical Theory and TechnoCulture: Habermas and Baudrillard,† Karl Marx’s theories are reviewed by two big contributors to communication theory: Jurgen Habermas and Jean Baudrillard. Mark Poster writes about how these two theorist dove into the areas where Marx was ambiguous and tried to explain the situation in more detail. Although they weren’t completely successful in their quest to explain the behaviour of mankind, Habermas and Baudrillard did make a big leap forward in their respective contributions. One of the problems with Karl Marx’s theories is that he tends to overlook or downplay the parts that are uncertain. Habermas and Baudrillard talked about how Marx failed to acknowledge basic communication theory, and the fact that he ignored technology as one of the biggest drivers of human civilization. Marx’s only aim seemed to be was the wage labourer to free himself from the greedy capitalist. Mark Poster attempts to ask about the theories of Karl Marx is that: did Marx give enough reasoning behind the relationships between technology and culture, labour and symbolism in work, and whether he really understood human consciousness? His argument is that Marx’s vision was too easy, and that he did not pay attention anything that was too complicated to explain or did not fit as part of his predictions. Poster understands that Marx knew his history, and was very knowledgeable about his topics, but there were still gaps in his writings that needed further explanation: The critique of political economy explores every turn of the capitalist structure; the critique of cultural politics is general, vague, and undeveloped. †[1] Poster explains that when Marx was doing his analysis, he did not theorize enough about the nature of social communication and how technology becomes signified objects. Technology is peculiar as it seems to have a two pronged approach; one where it levels the playing field for general society, or one where it extends the gap between the haves and have not’s. Language is termed as one of the central tools of social interaction and that needed more explanation before the theory could be complete. Without this missing piece, Marx was way off in his predictions of what would happen to capitalism and the role of workers. The spread of bureaucracy also solidified the way language was used. Technology and the change it brought also included change in language structure. The essay goes on to explain the extensions that Jurgen Habermas and Jean Baudrillard make to the critical theory. One of Habermas’s arguments is that Marx was unable to distinguish between emancipation and science. Habermas came from a school of thought which was worried about the fact that the scientific movement became the reason for domination, instead of it being used as a tool for freedom. He believes that Marx had left out the communication and language aspect of individuals which is a major part of our behaviour. For Habermas, speech has an important aspect as it can be used to distort the truth and can be a means of domination. His argument is that any time a speech situation fails; it can be down to the class struggle which Marx talked about. Of course, in practise, it is very difficult to find an ideal speech situation; making it difficult to analyse the truth. Jean Baudrillard criticizes Marxism’s analysis Marx analysis of the mode of production as the driving force of society. Commodities become social signifiers rather than something useful. One of the problems Baudrillard sees with Marxist ideology is that he ignores culture. The problem with Marx is that he never saw the symbolic nature of products and production. Baudrillard maintains that products become symbols whether by intention or not. The word â€Å"hyper-reality† is used to describe the fact that products began to contain their own reality; that is, nothing becomes more than ownership of the product itself. There is much missing from Baudrillards theories. He fails to describe what he meant by the â€Å"code,† which is how he described the relationship between consumers and consumed. At some points, he failed to realize the real positive potential that the media brought with it. But what Baudrillard brought to critical theory was remarkable. The insights provided by him went beyond convention to explain these theories in more detail. Mark Posters article brings a lot of interesting points about the missing pieces in Marx’s theories. There were many missing pieces of Marx and some of them are pointed out from the writings of Baudrillard and Habermas. One feels that Marx did leave out many details of his work, because people do not necessarily think about working for the state in the way it was described. Marx did not realize the importance of technology and its place in society. But in his world, there would not be much room available for research and development. When we put technology as a big part of human evolution, good things happen as the quality of life has improved. The idea behind everyone in society being equal sounds nice; but in practise, is rarely possible. The elements of language and technology where important to the framework of human interaction, this is one of the reasons why Marx’s predictions didn’t go to plan. He did not envision the fact that politicians would use bureaucracy to further establish their control over society. This use of language was not present in earlier periods, which may be why it may have been overlooked. New technology also changed the way language was used to further complicate the communication process. Technology also brought with it further divisions between those who have it and those who don’t. New products or technology has a materialistic nature to it that is still unexplained with the critical theory of Marx. One of the reasons Marx may have failed to have predicted violent revolt from the masses is that they do not want violent rebellion. Marx failed to foresee the fact that people would try to work together by creating unions and similar institutions to protect themselves from undue distress from their work. Marx was half right in that the powerful capitalists at the time were exploiting their workers for mostly the owner’s benefit. The other half that Marx did not envision was that most people would not choose violence; given the circumstances force became the last possible option. Technology also helped the regular working class to live comfortably by at home. Habermas picks up where Marx left in the explanation of critical theory. There were many missing pieces that Marx did not talk about; some of these were about technology and communication theories. Technology changes over time and can be very beneficial to us; failing to see its advantages and disadvantages is ignoring a big aspect of human behaviour and actions. As technology improves, our lives improve as well and modes of production change as well. Of course the other aspect of technology is that it can be used to dominate. Marx should have explored this topic further and he would have understood the consequences better. Ignoring these ideas shows that Marx probably had his own agenda in place as he wrote his theories. He may have deliberately left these things out in his argument to make it seem simpler than it first appeared. Maybe if he mentioned technology, it would have opened up a new world to mention and explain. The same can be said when it came to the communication aspect of Marx. Habermas also mentions how class struggle is bourne out of a failure in communication. This statement has a lot of fact because it is ultimately the class we identify with as the class we understand. The aspirations and lives of those who are poor are different than those of the middle class or ultra-rich, and those 3 groups barely understand one another. But these divisions will always exist – there will always be people who are well off and those who are not, even in a ideal communist society. Mark Poster also writes about how Habermas tries to fill in the gaps of communication theories left unexplained by Marx. Would the masses really want a violent revolution? People do not have a thirst for warfare; it is usually forced upon them by their leaders. Having endless war to bring about easier lives does not seem too economical; so they would prefer resistance by nonviolent means as it is understood that they are the drivers of the system. Without their input, machinery could not move, so the â€Å"greedy capitalist† was somewhat marginalized by labour unions and laws. Marx failed to see this, even though the powder keg was definitely in place. Habermas’s theories about the ideal speech situations are interesting. There would be very few times indeed that it would be true. It seems possibly one of the societies that come to mind that bear a place for the ideal speech would be the oral Greek tradition. A man who knows how to use speech could possibly get away with murder if he knows how to sway the audience. Again, the ideal speech situation might not garner good things; it may present powerful people with bad intentions using it to dominate their society. Baudrillards arguments about Marx have also have also showed gaps about critical theory. He feels that it can be dangerous for a society to be solely reliant on commodities for the states benefit. Every society has some sort of culture that it brings. Marx, in Baudrillards view, ignores culture as one of the major driving forces of society. Culture is ultimately what decides the direction society takes and the ideas it chooses to adopt. An idea from one culture might not be acceptable in other cultures, so it becomes difficult to transmit ideas across nations. Marx does not mention these facts and pretty much ignores them. It is difficult to understand how Marx, who was well aware of history and its nuances, could ignore such an important factor. Baudrillards analysis of products is an interesting one. It is remarkable that he could see that commodities become status symbols. This is exactly what happens to products; they become more for show than for the function they are supposed to carry. This is evident is the advertising that is presented in the mass media. These status symbols can become part of who we are as people, and this has always been the case throughout history; whether it is gold and other precious metals and stones in the past, or Bentlys and Valentino suits today. These things cannot change under any kind of rule, so ignoring these facts means ignoring our general makeup. In missing this analysis, Marx ignores the true nature of products and production; to keep the masses quite and consumed. One of the pieces missing from Baudrillard is the proper explanation of what he meant by his â€Å"code. The reader gets a sense of what he meant by reading and analysing his work, but a good definition would go a long way in explaining just what he was talking about here. It is unclear whether he is talking about the materialistic nature of things or the guidelines by which they are advertised. It is remarkable that Baudrillard understood these facts; he would have witnessed firsthand, the world of advertising taking its current form. This new form stopped advertising things with simple functional messages, and started advertising them with relation to fantasies that play against our minds to capture our attention. Early psychologists understood this and used their knowledge to help advertisers come up with these new messages. Mark Poster tries to explain the missing parts of Marx critical theory. The missing gaps were quite gapping and Jean Baudrillard and Jurgen Habermas exposed many of them. The essay delves into these gaps and tries to explain the missing pieces, as told by well known communication theorists. It seems that Marx, rather than a genuine interest in the freedom for man, has an agenda behind his writings. There as so many important gaps that he just completely ignored, so this scenario seems likely to be true. Technology and culture are important to us, without them, we can become aimless and self destructive. Poster brought it together very well by indicating that there are many parts still to be explored, indicating the work on the complete analysis for critical theory is still incomplete. Bibliography Cohen, Esther. â€Å"The Propaganda of the Saints in the Middle Ages. † Journal of Communication, 1981. Poster, Mark. â€Å"Critical Theory and TechnoCulture: Habermas and Baudrillard. † In The Second Media Age. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992. ———————– [1] Poster, Mark â€Å"Critical Theory and Technoculture† pg. 97

Musics effects on kids essays

Musics effects on kids essays Music artists can influence people in both good and bad ways through their music and videos but it is up to us to be influenced by it or not. They influence us by the clothes and jewelry they wear and how they carry themselves. Although what they do should not influence some people more than others I do not think they should be held responsible. They influence us by the clothes they wear because of what they have on when they are at award shows, in music videos, and other television programs. Some people are influenced by them because, like rappers, they have been through a lot of the same things you are going through and people appeal to that so when they are wearing certain clothes on television that they like they are more likely to go out and buy it because they think it is cool because someone rich and famous wore it. It is the same way with jewelry. Rappers used to wear a lot of gold, but now they wear platinum diamonds so now people are wearing more platinum and silver so that they can be like them. It goes on further than just clothes and jewelry though it goes to the cars they drive, the shoes they wear, and the houses they live in. They also influence our society by how they carry themselves. Part of how they carry themselves has a lot to do with how they dress and they possessions and things, but it also has to do with how they act and the places they go and what they do there. How they act influences society because if they act like a thug and someone who looks up to them sees that they might want to go out and be a thug and do some of the things that they did before they got famous. They see them on television throwing up gang signs and crip walking and doing things like that and they want to be apart of that because they think thats cool. They also influence society by where they go because if they go to certain clubs or shop certain places people start doing it to because they want to ...

Water Pollution with Sollution Essay Example

Water Pollution with Sollution Essay Example Water Pollution with Sollution Paper Water Pollution with Sollution Paper Essay Topic: Water pollution When toxic substances enter lakes, streams, rivers, oceans, and other water bodies, This results in the pollution of water Water pollution has many sources. The most polluting of them are the city sewage and industrial waste discharged into the rivers. Agricultural run-off, or the water from the fields that drains into rivers, is another major water pollutant as it contains fertilizers and pesticides. Domestic sewage waste water that is discarded from households called sanitary sewage, such water is impure The main organic materials are food and vegetable waste, plant nutrient come from chemical soaps, washing powders, etc. Domestic sewage is also very likely to contain disease-causing microbes. Thus, disposal of domestic waste water is a significant technical problem. Today, many people dump their garbage into streams, lakes, rivers, and seas, Today cleaning products are synthetic detergents and come from the petrochemical industry. Most detergents and washing powders contain phosphates, which are used to soften the water among other things. These and other chemicals contained in washing powders affect the health of all forms of life in the water. Agricultural Run off The high nitrate content in groundwater is mainly from irrigation run-off from agricultural fields where chemical fertilizers have been used indiscriminately. Industrial effluents During the last fifty years, the number of industries in India has grown rapidly. Waste water from manufacturing or chemical processes in industries contributes to water pollution. Most major industries have treatment facilities for industrial effluents. But this is not the case with small-scale industries, which cannot afford enormous investments in pollution control equipment as their profit margin is very slender. Effects of water pollution The effects of water pollution are not only devastating to people but also to animals, fish, and birds. Polluted water is unsuitable for drinking, recreation, agriculture, and industry. It diminishes the aesthetic quality of lakes and rivers. Nobody can escape the effects of water pollution. The individual and the community can help minimize water pollution. By simple housekeeping management practices the amount of waste generated can be minimized. Solution on water pollution The need for water pollution solutions that work is growing intensely. Despite laws that are designed to protect our water from pollutants and contaminants, water pollution continues to be a very large part of our planets peril. There are many laws in place to help protect the waters from pollution. However, enforcement of these laws is very slim. Since the Ocean is a vast territory, many vessels are still discharging and dumping directly into our oceans and poisoning them With contaminants. Environmental police have taken charge of enforcing water pollution solutions. They have targeted everyone from delivery vehicles to the largest and wealthiest companies in the city. If more cities would follow suit, we would be well on our way to protecting our planet from intolerable water supplies. Solutions To Water Pollution Ð’Â ± What You Can DO Outside of enforcing the current laws and creating even tougher regulations to prevent the continued pollution of water, there are dedicated and relatively simple objectives that everyone can participate in so that we can provide water pollution solutions to the average citizen. Simple steps like driving hybrid cars and using home water coolers can reduce water pollution. Littering in any form can also create additional pollution. Conserving clean water supplies can be beneficial in many ways, including preventing the need for use of tainted water supplies For instance, if everyone supported clean agriculture here would no longer be a market for agriculture that is responsible for poisonous runoff and ground water pollution . Acculturative is easier than ever to recognize because of the new standards for organic labeling. Organic foods mean that there were no pesticides or other harmful contaminants used in outgrowing of the food. When a food product is labeled organic, federal law requires that it meets criteria for being 75% organic or better. When a food product is labeled 100% organic it meets the criteria for being 99% organic or better. 100% organic foods include the soil in which the product was grown as ell as the process of which the product was packaged, shipped, and distributed. But supporting organizations you are supporting water pollution solutions through clean agriculture. The preservation of natural wetlands provides a relatively simple water pollution solution. Wetlands serve as natures filter and create a natural buffering zone between the water and Thailand. The vast amount of various plant life, naturally occurring bacteria and algae, indiscrimination help to filter destructive pollutants. Wetlands can be easily preserved through replanting efforts. Planting appropriate foliage channel a wetland survive. While some wetlands have been filled and developed, wetlands tend tomato rather poor environments to build upon. Types of water pollution Despite the many types of water pollution many people still see this as a single source issue,usually blaming big business for the depletion of many natural bodies of water and the life within. Whew big business is partially to blame, homeowners, recreational and professional boaters, Andean farmers can contribute to the condition of the planets water. Something as simple as flicking a cigarette butt out the window, which is often carried away bistros drains that may eventually empty out into bays, rivers, or oceans, leads to rather basic buttonholing pollutants in the waters of the world. We can all contribute to cleaning up the planetary we all realize that we have a shared culpability in its health. Various types of water pollution point to the different sources that can cause pollutants taffeta the waterways. Act of water pollution Separating water pollution facts from water pollution myths is a bit like separating oxymoron hydrogen With tweezers. The facts about water pollution have gotten rather mixed up in between hype, hope, skilled lattice spin, and a host of other issues that have been deemed bathe notorious they as more important. Yet it is important to educate o neself when it comes to the water pollution issues that are facing just the country, but the whole world. Marine ecosystems are more than just interesting places to water ski. They are the lifes blood of the planet. Without marine ecosystems there would be no planet, and no life. That is why preserving our water is so vital to ensuring that the planet has a brighter tomorrow. First of all, it is important to recognize that not all of the pollutants hat end up in the water commerce water based activities. In fact, an interesting water pollution fact reveals that only 20% of the pollutants in oceans, rivers, bays, streams, lakes, and other bodies of water come firewater based activities The remaining 8 0% is derived from land based activities . This means that it is not just transportability of the beach goers to clean up the ocean. We are all responsible for doing what weaken to protect and preserve the planets water supplies. Another interesting albeit not surprising water pollution fact reveals that claiming a chunk of that% of pollution due o water based activities is caused by cruise ships . A one week cruise on cruise ships yields more than a million gallons of grey water. Grey water refers to waste water that has been tainted by soaps, detergents, and other sources of negative environmental impact but does not include human waste. These soaps and detergents grey water can literally poison the ecosystem and pollute the water which in turn salvageable wildlife. These floating cities are also responsible for producing over 200,000 gallons of raw sewage,much of which is dumped during ocean transit. The liege water, which is loaded with oils, disulfide, and other pollutants can account for at least 35,000 gallons of weekly contamination. Most of us feel we have no control over how a cruise ship operates and many have never even been on one-So lets move some of our water pollution facts closer to home. Tittering jeopardizes marlinespike, which interrupts the balance of the ecosystem. Annually, plastic litter is responsible for the deaths of more than 1 00,000 marine mammals like porpoises and sea otters. This same plastic pollution is responsible for the deaths of at least a million sea birds underflow like pelicans and gulls. There is no way to accurately tally the number of fish deathwatches by plastic pollution b ut the estimates are up near three or four million on an annual basis. Littering and a failure to recycle plastics, even if you dont live near the coastline, have some pretty dramatic consequences. Punctiliousness pollution is generally a single element caused by one main source. An industrially into a river would be an example of punctiliousness pollution. Alternatively, unpretentiousness pollution is the result of numerous causes of contaminants Thatcher pollution. These pollutants can travel great distances in the form of runoff or thoroughwort rains. Surface water pollution is the most recognizable form of water contamination. This is the pollution that can be visibly seen floating on the top of the water. While surface water pollutions often in the form of trash it can also be chemically based, such as gasoline or oil slicks floating the waters surface. Groundwater pollution refers to the effects of chemicals (such as pesticides) that seep throughout ground and enter water sources that originate underground. Well water is groundwater, outgeneraled pollution can be extremely dangerous to the health Of humans as well as to athlete of the planet. Same types Of water pollution are derived from an imbalance within the ecosystem which can be caused by natural and unnatural sources. When an ecosystem is out of balance, oxygenations can occur. A water based ecosystem is made up a multitude of living organisms,including microorganisms natural balance of leather and unhealthy microorganisms keeps the water vasectomys thriving. When that ecosystem is thrown off balance, the leather microorganisms outnumbered by the unhealthy microorganisms, which cause a depletion of oxygen within water and releases gases such as sulfides or ammonia. With a wide variety of types of water pollution, a single action will not be enough to ward Off more pollutants. Prevention starts with awareness and continues with a dedicated effort to monotony prevent further contamination but also clean up the present pollutants. Everyone from the bosses of large production companies to the cigarette butt flicker has to toothier share in order to prevent water pollution. As research becomes more accurate and the data can help indicate which types of water evolutionary doing the most destruction to our natural resources, focused projects and laws can become a bigger part of the solution.

Writing Your Perfect News Story

Writing Your Perfect News Story A Detailed Guide on Writing a News Story Journalistic writing isn’t as easy as it seems. Very often students have no idea where to start and how to phrase their sentences even, not to mention conducting interviews. Below, you will find top tips on how to create a qualitative news story. The topic or event you pick has to be recent and newsworthy The first thing you should learn to do is to define what is newsworthy and what is not. Any events happening in a society that might capture your reader’s attention and is unique and effective is considered to be a newsworthy story. If you decided to tell readers about a business which is not new or doesn’t offer any changes, it won’t be a newsworthy story. However, telling about a new business in a particular area is pretty newsworthy. Make sure to tell your readers about the latest events only, not the ones happening a week ago or so. Society is discussing something else already and your news has to be up to date and write about something happening right now. Also, make sure to be â€Å"local†, i.e. writing for the right community. Mentioning the worldwide events is also acceptable; however, the events going on in your area are your priority. Address the worldwide events only if they somehow affect the audience you write for. Interview the witnesses The interviews have to be conducted with the correct people, and it is crucial. If you write about the bank robbery, you have to talk to the manager of the bank, a cashier, or any employee involved in the event. Unless the bank clients were witnesses of the robbery, you should not interview them. Make sure to ask everyone as soon as possible. Remember that you have to tell about the newest events. Who? What? When? Where? Those main four Ws have to be established within the first paragraph of your writing, while â€Å"why† and â€Å"how† can be disclosed in the following paragraphs already. You are creating a sort of a pyramid, on the top of which you write the most important information. Put your piece together Once you have all the necessary materials, start constructing your piece. Remember that the most important information is on the top, i.e. in the very beginning. Add quotations You can add quotations when writing or at specific points in your story. Make sure to state the full name, occupation, age of key people in your story. Search for some additional figures or facts Once you have completed your story, google additional facts and figures which will be interesting and will help your story stand out. Your job will be to compete with other news sources, and you will use the same information and deliver your information to the same readers, so you will surely need some extra information. Reread your article loud Before giving your article to your professor (or editor), read your article aloud to understand the general flow of your story. Writing a news story is not that difficult, and you will gain some skills after completing such task a couple of times.

Terms in Strategic Planning and Capital Budgeting Essay

Terms in Strategic Planning and Capital Budgeting - Essay Example This formula is best used in analyzing the profitability of a project. NPV provides a value that when it turns positive project should be accepted, or rejected when the value is negative. A negative NPV produces a negative cash flows. NPV is also an ideal calculation when deciding on two projects, or comparing between them gives alternatives NPV is based on future cash estimates of the project that could be different from actual results and the difficulty of computing when the cash flows are uneven yearly. Another problem related to NPV is the use of discounting and selection of rate because different rates provide different values. Payback period is an accounting tool that is used to measure the time it will take to recover the original investment. The decision rule here is to accept the project if the payback period is less than projected.(Accounting Explained) This formula is easy to calculate and is one of the simplest tools for measuring profitability. It is also a good measure in ranking projects that would return money easily. For instance, the payback period of a project requiring $100 million dollars and is expected to generate a $5 million return for 5 years: Since expected cash flows are estimates, it is possible that there is a certainty that what is projected will not be the probable result. It could also suggest that there would be an uneven distribution of expected cash flow. This is due perhaps that changes in business are continuous and substantial. We should remember that in business, the product, the consumer, the competition, and the workforce today are very much different from ten years ago, and we cannot predict the outcome of the economy. In addition, this model does not take into account cash flows that occur after payback period is reached.

Technology Strategy & Innovation Management Assignment

Technology Strategy & Innovation Management - Assignment Example There are several external factors that are affecting Motorola. I will use the PESTEL framework to analyze them. The focus, therefore, will be Political, Economic, Socio-cultural, Technological, Environment and Legal.. Let us now take a look at them in details. Political: In spite of technological advancements we have not yet reached a stage where we exist in the virtual dimension. Businesses are done through remote collaboration tools and solutions but those who collaborate operate from and within certain jurisdictions. Those jurisdictions have laws and they affect how any company operating within them can operate. Multinationals like Motorola must adapt to the political climates of their host nations. Socio-cultural: Motorola shows social responsibility and maintains good relationships with their host communities. An example of their social responsibility is the supplier diversity programme which endeavours to give certain disadvantaged groups an opportunity. Technological advancements: New solutions, new platforms and the pace of these innovations. From MRP we now have ERP and are quickly heading towards the Virtual Enterprise. Software breakthroughs have brought an expanded horizon. There are many business solutions and platforms that are constantly affecting the way we do business. Motorola is also taking advantage of these solutions and platforms. Environmental: Motorola has long term environmental policies that include designing all their products to be environment friendly, recycling or reusing all waste materials and conserving natural resources. Legal: Motorola has a well established legal department. This is demonstrated by the fact that they have an audit committee line which main aim is to allow access to the Audit and Legal Committee of the Motorola's Board of Directors. THE INTERNAL FACTORS THAT ARE AFFECTING MOTOROLA Now I want to discuss the internal factors that are affecting Motorola. I will concentrate on the threat of entry, threat of substitutes, the power of buyers, the power of suppliers and competitive rivalry. The threat of entry: Nokia, previously a minor in telecommunications overthrew Motorola the former undisputed king of telecommunications. Another smaller company could repeat what Nokia did. The challenge is predicting correctly the next technological trend. A new or smaller company can literarily become the world leader if it makes the right forecast and positions itself well to capitalize on it. There are other threats posed by certain platforms: As described by Hardwick and Bolton (1997), "Virtual enterprise companies share costs, skills, and core competencies that collectively enable them to access global markets with world-class solutions their members could not deliver individually." (Eom & Lee, 1999) This has afforded Motorola a better way of increasing efficiency while reducing costs. However, it has also opened up the door for less funded competition to increase their productivity. Threat of substitutes: The internet is growing and with this growth also comes a lot of opportunities and threats. The cost of doing business online is relatively low. This means that a less financed

European Integration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 3

European Integration - Essay Example It was through this European Integration Roundtable of Industrialists is that the transnational corporations tried to influence the European integration process, the nineteen eighties. It was this ERT forum from where a number of industrialists of Europe helped in the forming of agenda and the re-launching of the single market program. This also led to the development of transnational elite capitalists you brought in a number of neo-liberal concepts and ideas which eventually helped the formation of a single market program. Adriaan H. Dierx(2004, p. 237) states ‘The process of European integration and the past decade has been closely associated with the single market program (now evolved into the internal market strategy) and economic and monetary union. This process has been pushed forward by highly publicized deadlines and target dates giving the first impression of abrupt change in the economic environment. In practice, however, businesses and consumers tend to anticipate such change and modify their behavior even before the formal change is made. On the other hand, often the full impact of the economic reform is felt only years after their introduction. This implies that European integration as a continuous process, one in which the speed of progress may be affected by policy initiatives such as the SMP and the EMU and which takes place in conjunction with other events influencing the behavior of economic agents and the performances of the economy, such as globalization or the ICT revolution.à ¢â‚¬â„¢ The ERT can be viewed as an elite comprising of trans-national capitalists who have neoliberal concepts and who occasionally takes part in the social struggle for dominance in the European culture. Europe is not is becoming a part of the global economy, politically and financially. Therefore the businesses in Europe are transforming to globalized and transnationalised businesses. There are basically three large economic blocks in the world:  USA, Japan, and Europe.  

Movie Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Movie Assignment - Essay Example ’s son, Michael, is critically ill of heart disease and he has already been taken to hospital (Crisis of Hope Memorial Hospital) by his parents; Michael needed heart transplantation. Unfortunately, Michael’s parents are unable to raise the required money, and they have already exhausted all the possible means to raise the $750, 000 required for Michael’s name to be included in the list of patient’s waiting operation. John Q had to decide on whether to transfer Michael to another hospital (County Hospital) or to use any other possible mean to have his son operated. Michael would most likely die if his parents transferred him to a County Hospital because the County Hospitals would not have been able to operate him. Desperate to see his son treated, John Q decided to use violence so that his son could be treated; John held hostage the stuff and the patients in the Emergency Room hostage so that his son could be treated. Eventually, John’s plan succeede d and his son was operated. In this movie, John had also attempted to commit suicide so that he could donate his heart to his son. Having analysed the situation in which John Q found himself, it is clear that John Q did not act with integrity. This is because integrity demands that one should act in the right way and a manner consistent with the prevailing rules and laws. Although John Q was desperate to have his son treated, and, although his plan of resorting to violence finally worked, John’s action of resort to violence, however, were not in line with the rules and the laws of the hospital. For this reason, therefore, John Q did not act with integrity. John also did not act with integrity by attempting to commit suicide so as to donate his heart to his son. This is because, rather than attempting to commit suicide, John could have let the hospital look for the heart for the transplantation. John’s wife, Denise, also did not act with integrity in the movie. This is because Denise collaborated with John

Management Challenges for Social Enterprises Term Paper

Management Challenges for Social Enterprises - Term Paper Example From the point of view of asset management, a social enterprise can increase the overall diversification of the portfolio while, at the same time, add more ethical trading and investing philosophy into the overall portfolio management also. It is believed that portfolio managers may have only to invest in the commercial entities to generate more value for their clients. Overall risk diversification and return strategies are, therefore, often tailored according to the dynamics of how a for-profit business operates and generates more value for the portfolio managers. Non-Profit wealth creation through social enterprise is viable and sustainable activity and can increase the overall well-being of the society while, at the same time, allowing asset managers to actually diversify their risks and also add more ethical investing and portfolio management orientation to the whole process of asset management (Field, 2014). This paper will be focusing on understanding the impact of non-profit w ealth creation on the overall portfolio risk and return. This paper will further add on to whether the non-profit wealth creation will add more ethical orientation to the portfolio management or not. Before discussing further, it is critical to developing the comprehensive understanding of what a social enterprise is and how it operates and creates value for all stakeholders. The overall concept and idea of a social enterprise existed for long. However, it has recently gained more momentum with large organizations such as Dannon entering into joint ventures to form social enterprises. A social enterprise’s focus is on the use of commercial strategies and tactics to achieve more value and improvement in the human and environmental well-being.

Virtual Realities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Virtual Realities - Essay Example NASA's mandate is to address three elements before introducing a new training modality: reduce training costs, improve safety and improve astronaut performance. Any new technique needs to demonstrate superiority in at least one of these parameters. It is important to note that there is a significant 'S-curve' effect in adopting any new methodology: lots of effort going in, then significant payback as the new methodology is adopted and demonstrates greater productivity. One can look at NBS as a 'perfected' technology, one in which a lot more effort will not improve the methodology very much. If, on the other hand, IVR can be shown to be superior at present, the 'S-Curve' effect dictates a greater improvement in the future. NBS has been established since the 1960's to help train astronauts on EVA. There is therefore a substantial record of learning times on specific tasks, which can then be correlated using real spacewalk experience. With over 30 astronauts who have gone through the NBS training, then the actual EVA experience, we therefore have a database to establish four elements: Two elements: cost to train and effectiveness, can be measured on NBS in a fairly straightforward way. Safety, however, can only be subjectively addressed. This is because there have been no significant safety problems that have led to the loss of an astronaut or a hazard that has stopped an entire mission. In this case, a 'score sheet' for NBS would look as follows: On the ground In space Cost per trained astronaut $/astronaut N/A Tasks performed effectively % of tasks performed effectively % of tasks performed effectively Tasks performed safely Subjective rating (1-10) Subjective rating (1-10) By comparing on-the-ground NBS scores with in-space actual scores, we can therefore 'normalize' the NBS effectiveness and safety results to correlate them with in-space EVA results. Each of the tasks judged to be important can be thus scored, and a complete score for all NBS tasks for eventual EVA tasks can be evaluated and scored, as follows, one score sheet each for effectiveness and safety: Effectiveness Score Sheet (example) Ground Space % achieved Weighting 1-10 Activity 1 95% 85% 85/95= 89% 9 Activity 2 99% 98% 98/99=99% 6 . . . By weighting each task in regards to its importance to the mission, NASA can come up with an overall weighted score which allows for establishing the effectiveness of the training, and how much additional improvement can be made per task, and in overall EVA tasks performed. The three ways to use this are: 1. Establish the effectiveness of training using NBS on the eventual results. 2. Create a 'score' which normalizes NBS results for use when looking at IVR, and 3. Establish which areas have the greatest potential for improvement, thereby increasing overall scores. The above scoring approach works for both the safety

Management Challenges for Social Enterprises Term Paper

Management Challenges for Social Enterprises - Term Paper Example From the point of view of asset management, a social enterprise can increase the overall diversification of the portfolio while, at the same time, add more ethical trading and investing philosophy into the overall portfolio management also. It is believed that portfolio managers may have only to invest in the commercial entities to generate more value for their clients. Overall risk diversification and return strategies are, therefore, often tailored according to the dynamics of how a for-profit business operates and generates more value for the portfolio managers. Non-Profit wealth creation through social enterprise is viable and sustainable activity and can increase the overall well-being of the society while, at the same time, allowing asset managers to actually diversify their risks and also add more ethical investing and portfolio management orientation to the whole process of asset management (Field, 2014). This paper will be focusing on understanding the impact of non-profit w ealth creation on the overall portfolio risk and return. This paper will further add on to whether the non-profit wealth creation will add more ethical orientation to the portfolio management or not. Before discussing further, it is critical to developing the comprehensive understanding of what a social enterprise is and how it operates and creates value for all stakeholders. The overall concept and idea of a social enterprise existed for long. However, it has recently gained more momentum with large organizations such as Dannon entering into joint ventures to form social enterprises. A social enterprise’s focus is on the use of commercial strategies and tactics to achieve more value and improvement in the human and environmental well-being.

Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle Essay Example for Free

Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle Essay This is a wonderful description, almost a photographic image for the reader, a description leaving a sense of, is this a man or a monster? This again adds to the already building tension for the reader, who continues to make his or her own deductions. We see almost immediately how brilliantly perceptive Sherlock Holmes is when he spots the mud on the Ms Stoners coat and the train ticket in her hand. From this he deduces that she must have set off early, travelling in a Dogcart for some time before she got to the station. He picks up on clues throughout the story, things that the everyday person would possibly miss. This again draws the reader in, they feel enlightened and start to study the story more carefully wanting to be more like the ingenious Holmes. The story continues and Holmes and Watson visit the home of Ms Stoner and her stepfather. They inspect the bedroom of the dead sister and Sherlock Holmes picks up on several odd effects that he relays to Watson. Firstly a fake bell pull, then a ventilator which does not ventilate. A saucer of milk in the stepfathers room, becomes suspicious when they are advised Doctor Roylott keeps no cats. Several other little clues are spotted and you can almost feel Holmes mind working overtime. The reader will also pick up on the clues and again start to make their own deductions to Whodunnit? The tension starts to peak when Holmes decides to stay the night with Watson in Ms Stoner sisters bedroom. They wait patiently in a near by inn till Holmes spots a tell tale light, a sign for him to make his move. Crossing the lawn the tension is building and the author cleverly startles the reader by his introduction of the Baboon, a detail that Holmes has overlooked until then. When out from a clump of laurel bushes there darted what seemed to be a hideous and distorted child, who threw itself on the grass with writhing limbs, and then ran swiftly across the lawn into the darkness. The fact that Doctor Roylott keeps these exotic animals is ultimately a very important clue. Once in the bedroom the tension is paramount as the two men sit and wait in the eerie darkness. Again the author startles the reader by the sudden fury of excitement when Holmes lights a match, blinding Watson and therefore the reader is momentarily struck by the unknown. Once Watson gains his vision he relays again the image of Holmes lashing out savagely,I could however, see that his face was filled with horror and loathing. What could be happening? The story ends with the conclusion, albeit a little abruptly, maybe even a little unbelievable and somewhat corny for the modern day reader. We discover that it is a snake owned by Doctor Roylott that has been trained by its master to crawl in to the adjacent bedroom and ultimately kills the sleeping victim. Unfortunately for Doctor Roylott, Holmes foiled his plan by scaring the creature, which in due course turned and killed its own master. This allows the reader to let out a great sigh of relief. The crime has been solved the tension has passed. The story albeit a little obvious and very basic, is also very cleverly written. The author succeeds in initially drawing the reader in and keeping their attention throughout. The story would have been extremely exciting and ground breaking in its day. Exotic animal were unheard of. The account is written in very descriptive but extremely long sentences, which is another clue to its age. Time has taken it toll and we as modern readers have been spoiled by the cleverness of the modern day detective novels. Therefore the ending is a little disappointing, no twists or red herrings except for the gypsies . But the story must be applauded, Conan-Doyle was one of the earliest authors of his kind to begin this clever technique of keeping his reader guessing throughout the book. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.

The Digestion Of A Chicken Sandwich Biology Essay

The Digestion Of A Chicken Sandwich Biology Essay Throughout this essay the digestion of a chicken sandwich will be explained with reference to five different points; the need for digestion, physical digestion with regards to muscular and nervous involvement and chemical involvement, hormone and enzyme action, how each enzyme acts on each part of the sandwich, the tissues and lining of the digestive tract and, finally, how each part of the chicken sandwich is digested and absorbed. The third and fifth point will be combined and explained together as the essay takes a journey through the digestive system. The need for digestion is vital to the human bodys survival. When food first enters the body it is a solid form that cannot be digested, so the mouth begins the digestion process by releasing digestive juices and using teeth to chew and break down the food into a more liquid based form. As it moves down the digestive tract it is broken down even more into molecules that can be absorbed and taken to cells around the body for energy, reproduction and to strengthen them. There are many features of digestion and these are split into two categories; physical digestion and chemical digestion. In physical digestion there are two factors that contribute to the digestion of food; muscular and nervous involvement. The muscular involvement begins in the mouth, more specifically with the tongue, which assists in the chewing of food and eventually forces food down into the oesophagus. Along with the oesophagus, the other organ in the digestive tract have a muscle layer underneath them which makes their walls to move which in turn forces the food down with a wave like action. This wave like action is called peristalsis'(Potter, S. 2008. AQA Biology, Phillip Alans Updates). This forces the food won the tract and through the digestive organs by the muscles contracting which makes a narrow section, as the muscle keeps contracting it forced the food in a propelling fashion downwards towards its next destination; the stomach. When the food has almost reach the stoma ch, the ring like muscle called the gastroesophageal sphincter'(Jim Swan, 2006., The Digestive Sytsem) which opens and lets food through then closes behind it to stop too much food entering the stomach, almost like a door. Once the food has entered the stomach the stomach muscles mix the partially digested food and the juices the stomach has produced. The stomach also uses its upper muscles to store food and also helps to empty the stomach into the small intestine. Once in the small intestine the food, which is now in a small enough form, is absorbed into its walls and is taken and distributed around the body. The waste products of the food are then forced into the colon where they wait until they can be pushed out of the body as faeces. Nerves are what makes the muscles contract and force the food through the digestive tract. There are two different types; extrinsic and intrinsic. The extrinsic nerves are the outside nerves; these nerves control the muscles in the organs in the digestive tract. They are produced by the brain and spinal cord and they let out two chemicals; acetylcholine and adrenaline. The acetylcholine is the chemical that causes the muscles to contract and the adrenaline makes them relax and eventually stop the process of digestion. The intrinsic nerves are the inside nerves and these lie in the walls of the organs of the digestive tract. Their main function is to release substances that start, control the speed and stop the production of enzymes that digest food. In chemical digestion there are also two factors that contribute; hormones and enzyme action. There is a layer in the stomach and small intestine called the mucosa, in this layer are cells which produce and then release hormones which also, along with muscles and nerves, control digestion. There are five different hormones, all of which have their own unique jobs within the process of digestion; Gastrin makes the stomach produce acid for the digestion of food and for dissolving them, CCK allows the pancreas to make pancreatic juice which holds enzymes that help break down molecules, and Secretin, this is the hormone has the most tasks of all three, its first job is to make the pancreas produce a juice that is full of bicarbonate which will neutralize the stomach acid, its second job is to make the stomach produce pepsin which digests protein and finally its third job is to make the liver produce bile. The other hormones are slightly different, they stimulate and regulate appetite; Gh relin stimulates appetite and is made in the stomach and upper intestine which is regulated by the absence of food, and Peptide YY is the response produced by a meal in the system and inhibits appetite. The action of an enzyme is to break down molecules so they can be dissolved and carried through the body. Each enzyme is specifically designed for only one substrate. The enzyme and the substrate fit together, like and lock and key, and the enzyme alters the substrate into products which are then released to be absorbed into the blood stream, after this the enzyme can react again but only with the same type of substrate. When the chicken salad sandwich first enters the mouth the salivary glands produce a digestive juice called salivary amylase which begins to break down or hydrolyse the starch which is in the bread of the chicken salad sandwich. Amylase breaks down carbohydrates, more specifically the starch in the carbohydrates and changes it into maltose; this is a more acceptable form that the body can absorb. As the chicken salad sandwich continues its journey it enters the stomach where it is stored. In the stomach the acid denatures the amylase enzyme which stops it from working. Once the food has moved from the stomach to the small intestine, the pancreatic amylase, which is produced in the pancreatic juices, continues the breakdown of the starch in the bread of the sandwich to a substance called maltose. As the food is further pushed along the small intestine it produces maltase which breaks down the maltose into an even smaller molecule called glucose. The chicken in the sandwich starts to b e broken down in the mouth where it is chewed to make smaller pieces. When it reaches the stomach it begins the hydrolysis process, the stomach produces an enzyme called pepsin, and this partially breaks down the proteins into amino acid. This then travels to the small intestine where the chicken is further broken down by an enzyme called trysin which continues the breakdown of proteins to amino acids. The butter in the chicken salad sandwich is solely broken down in the small intestine into emulsified fats and fatty acids by enzymes produced in the liver and pancreas called bile and lipase. The lettuce in the chicken salad sandwich cannot be broken down as it is a fibre, so it passes through the system by being chewed into smaller parts and the water is absorbed through the intestinal walls, and ends its journey by leaving the body in the faeces, along with all the other waste products from the chicken sandwich. The end products of the chicken sandwich, sucrose, amino acids, emulsi fied fats and glycerol/fatty acids are absorbed through the intestinal wall. There is a layer of mucosa that lines the wall that consists of folds which are full of villi which are then covered with microvilli which increases the surface area dramatically. It is through this surface area that the nutrients are absorbed and because of this the amount and rate of absorption is increased. The organs of the digestive system are the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and the anus. There are three main parts of the mouth, the lips which are made out of stratified squamous keratinized epithelium, stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium, skeletal muscle, and fibroelastic connective tissue'(http://lifesci.rutgers.edu/~babiarz/digest.htm). The tongue is made out of skeletal muscle, glands, lymphatic tissue and epithelial tissue'(http://lifesci.rutgers.edu/~babiarz/digest.htm), and the teeth are made primarily out of calcified connective tissue. There are three tissues that make up the oesophagus; skeletal tissue, stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium and smooth muscle. Moving down to the stomach, it is apparent that it is also made of three types of tissue, these are smooth muscle, glands and epithelium. After the stomach comes the small and large intestine which are made up of simple columnar epithelium, which is th e tissue that makes up the villi and the micro villi, and the large intestine is made out of epithelial tissue. Finally, comes the rectum and the anus, the rectum contains simple columnar epithelium and the anus is made with stratified squamous epithelium. The digestive system is a vital part of everyday life for the human body, it breaks down food to a form that can be absorbed by the body which gives us energy and everything we need. It works in such a way that it pulls all the vital nutrients from the food, absorbs them and then transports them around their body. Enzymes like protease and amylase play a major part in the digestion of food and are the juices that hydrolyse the food we eat. There are many other factors that work alongside the enzymes that all play a significant role in the digestion of food; muscular and hormone involvement, and nerves, and they all work together so that we as human being can survive, and play this roll in such a way that it is an unconscious act that we very rarely need to think about.

Defining Time :: Definition Essays

Defining Time When I think of time, I am immediately drawn to the song Unchained Melody written by the Righteous Brothers. In this song there is one line that describes time almost perfectly, as I believe it to be. This verse states that time can do so much, however it is very broad but let me explain. The song was written about a love that was separated and to me moments were described prior to the breakup and how time would be cherished if another chance was given. These moments can be either spent talking, holding each other, or just being near one another. There are many things that are affected by time. Sleep for instance seems like wasted time, however it is very necessary to be productively effective while awake. Did you know that we spend one third of our lives sleeping. Of course many people vary based on their life style but their are many psychological factors to consider for each person. I do believe that time can be wasted in some cases such as the old idea of cutting the lawn with scissors. This is not an ideal way of doing it, and common sense tells that a lawnmower would be a much faster way of completing this task. This example simply depicts predicaments that people often run into. Sometimes we don't have a choice of how things are completed due to lack of knowledge or tools required for the task. Anyhow it would still be wasted time if there is a faster way of doing things. The old saying that, "time is money" is so relevant to this day and age. Why spend hours chopping down a tree and cutting the wood yourself, when you can purchase perfect size pieces at a local hardware store? Sure you would save money but the time spent could have been spent with your family, using a small portion of a paycheck instead. I have had moment where I have wasted time and understand that it is for personal satisfaction. An example of this is baking a cake. It is nice to say, "hey, I made this from scratch how do you like it"?, as opposed to "I saved ti me and bought it at the bakery".

A Respectable Trade: Slavery :: Market Systems England Essays

A Respectable Trade: Slavery Many economic systems are revealed in A Respectable Trade: Slavery, Feudalism, Self-Employment, and Capitalism. England in 1788 was entering a period of economic transition. Viewing this finite period in A Respectable Trade allows us, as economists, to dissect the different market systems prevalent during that time. Slavery is the market system most focused on in A Respectable Trade. Josiah's "respectable trade" involves trading sugar, cocoa, coffee and cotton in Africa for captured Negro men, women and children. He then ships these "slaves" to the Caribbean, where he sells them. He makes all of his money in the sale of these people. While Josiah and Sarah Cole have been involved in the slave trade for many years, in 1788 they have just begun to experience the immediate effects of slaves in their lives. Josiah has determined that he will make more money if he ships some slaves to England to train as house slaves. He has married Frances so that she will train and teach them while they live with the Cole's in England. Josiah, Sarah, and Frances are learning the techniques of the slave master. As the film progresses, Josiah becomes more crass and unfeeling toward the slaves, seeing them solely as property. When the slaves first arrive, he feels awkward and anxious about harming them. He knows that he should punish them and lord over them, but he is more comfortable allowing Bates to reprimand and beat the slaves. He allows his customer to rape the slave girl, but he is uncomfortable doing so and does not want to watch. However, at the end of the movie, he stands over Bates while he severely beats Matthew, watching closely with no remorse. Holding human beings as property by chaining them and locking them in the house, controlling their lives and fates by selling them and forcing them to work, Josiah Cole has become a cruel slave master. Frances has a chief role in the slave system. Marrying Josiah, she becomes a teacher and a manager of the slaves in her home. She teaches them English, manners, and proper ways to serve their masters so they may become a more successful sale for Josiah. She does not do this because she desires his success, but because she is held in marriage in a feudal contract. Francis, a young woman without significant funds, without supportive family, and without an acceptable job, has few options in life.

How to Avoid Translation, Transaction and Economic Exposures

Part 1 Question a Provide examples of how real world multinational corporations (MNC) reduce their translation, transaction and economic exposures. Translation exposure is the effect of changes in exchange rates on the accounting values of financial statements (Shapiro, 2010, p. 356). The translation exposure arises from the conversion the financial statements denominated in foreign currency from denominated in home currency. The MNCs could reduce their translation by using funds adjustment. For an example, if the devaluation of USD is expected for a Chinese company.The company could use direct funds adjustment such as pricing the exports in RMB and pricing the imports in USD, investing in RMB securities and replacing loans in RMB with the loans in USD. The company also could use indirect funds adjustment as paying out dividens, fees and other expends in advance, and speeding up the payment of accounting payable and delaying the collection of accounting receivable in USD. Transaction exposure measures the exchange gains and losses in cash flows in the value of domestic currency, which is denominated in foreign currency (Shapiro, 2010, p. 57). Multinational corporations often lower transaction exposure by making the contract with bank to lock in a forward exchange rate. For an example, an Australian import company expected to pay to an American supplier 10000 USD for the goods half year later. The company could sign a forward foreign exchange which is fixed at 0. 9 AUD per USD, and it allows carrying on the transaction in contract provision deadline any time, take at that time exchange rate as. So if there would be depreciation of home currency, and the Spot exchange rate is at 1. AUD per USD, the company had the right to convert their AUD into USD at previous exchange rate which is at 0. 9 from bank, so the amount of balance was the financial savings in cash flows. Economic exposure measures the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the operating cash flows t horough the sales price, sales volume, and production cost (Shapiro, 2010, p. 359). So the multinational corporations could reduce their economic exposures by marketing and production strategies.For an example, in the export business, if the currency is soft in home country, the company should more revenue and profit from product pricing, and they should consider lower price by reducing cost of product, such as expanding their scope of operation for reducing the cost of production, shifting production to home for reducing cost of currency exchange. Conversely, if the home country supplies with hard currency, they could shift production to local with soft currency for reducing cost of production. Question bDefine the international debt, equity and trade financing options available to MNCs. Explain why MNCs use these financing source. International debt financing refers to the fund demanders’ credit behaviours of raising funds directly from the public by issuing various debt or stocks in the international bond market (Shapiro, 2010, p. 464). There are two kinds of foreign bond. The first kind is the bonds denominated in the local currency that are issued in the national bond market, and the second kind is the bonds denominated in the home currency that are issued in the local bond market.The important foreign bonds in the world include Yankee bonds of the US and Swiss franc bonds of Swiss, Samurai bonds of Japan and Bulldog Bond from the London market. International debt financing can have multiple sources of capital from different foreign markets. The international debt can be issued in a great number with low cost, and MNCs only need to pay the interest as required and return the principal on the due date. The company’s business condition has nothing to do with creditors and creditors cannot intervene with the company’s management and operation.The management and decision-making are both subject to the discretion of the company itself. Int ernational equity financing refers to enterprises’ fund-raising by issuing stocks in the foreign markets (Shapiro, 2010, p. 466). Since stocks can only be transferred but cannot be withdrawn, the capital raised by international stock financing is long-term capital. For the MNCs could benefit lots of advantage of the International equity financing. Firstly, the international equity financing could reduce the funding risk.For some large MNCs located in the small countries, the market could not meet the need of huge issues, it is necessary to finance in more market. Then, issuing the overseas shares could attract more overseas investors, so there is an increase of demand for the companys’ shares, thereby the price of share would also increase and achieve the maximization of the wealth. Trade financing refers to the short-term financing or credit facility provided by banks to importers or exporters in relation to the settlement of import and export trade (Shapiro, 2010, p. 36). Trading financing is divided into import and export trade financing. In general, in respect of import financing, a letter of credit is adopted (Shapiro, 2010, p. 638). When the issuing bank has received proper and complete documents as required, the applicant makes the payment under the letter of credit to repay the short-term financing. The letter of credit is easy to operate and makes the approval procedures of the administration of foreign exchange much simpler. At the same time, a sight letter of credit is also used.As a result, importers can have access to the long-term letter of credit financing. The export trading financing could take a packing loan. Before exporting the goods specified in the letter of credit provided by the overseas importer, the packing loan is employed to cover the expenses of goods, materials, production and shipment. When the shipment of the goods is completed, the exporter presents all the documents to the negotiating bank for payment under the t erms of the credit.Upon the receipt of the payment of goods, the packing loan should be paid back (Bank of China, 2012). Part 2 Briefly explain the differences between the foreign direct investments (FDI) and portfolio investment. Then collect the required the data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) website and answer the following questions: Foreign direct investment refers to the trade activity of directly entering other countries for production by means of joint venture, sole proprietorship, etc (Shapiro, 2010, p. 198).With direct investment, investors can possess all or part of the enterprise assets and the ownership of operation, and directly perform or participate in the operation and management. Portfolio investment refers to the investment behaviours of purchasing financial securities of other countries to obtain certain proceeds (Shapiro, 2010, p. 198). Compared with direct investment, indirect investment’s investors only have the right to certain proceeds on a regular basis in addition to stock investment, but have no right to intervene with the invitee’s operation and management.Question a List the ten largest recipient countries of US FDI in the years 1990, 2000 and 2010. You need to provide the list of countries as well as the amount of FDI in USD. [pic] Source: U. S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) website. Question b What factors do you think account for these countries being the largest recipients of US FDI? Firstly, both these countries have strong political stability, because there are no changes of government and wars in recent, and the social condition and the rate of economic development of that country are positive.The positive political stability brings a safe investment environment to MNCs, which effectively enhances their confidence and willingness to invest. Secondly, these countries have reasonable, normative and stable legal systems. The countries could provide enough protection for foreign investors. Then, t hese countries have a good economic outlook in their domestic such as the low inflation, balance-of-payment surpluses and the strong growth rate of per capita GDP. So, the positive economic situation, the less likely it is to face risk that will inevitably harm foreign companies (Shapiro, 2010, p. 30). Question c Has the list of recipient counties changed over the concerned period? What might account for these changes? Yes, the list has changed over the concerned period. For most MNCs, the political and economic risks may discourage investors to invest in the countries. Political risk refers to the possibility of causing loss to investment activities of foreign investors because of the change in investment environment as a result of the change in the political situation of the host country (Shapiro, 2010, p. 277).Generally speaking, the main political risk influenced on the investment decision which includes: War Risk, when a political change or war occurs in the host country, it wi ll bring damage to the sales or profits of foreign-funded enterprises in the host country and even endanger the survival of these enterprises Legal risk, with the unreasonable laws and regulations and the direct legal confrontation between the investment country and host country, host country cannot provide enough protection for foreign investors, the assets of enterprises are more likely to suffer loss.Policy change risk, the change in policies concerning land, tax, market and exchange of the host country may influence the profits and development of enterprises. The government in the host country may set up barriers or impose various pressures for enterprises of the investment country, which often results in loss or bankruptcy for foreign-funded enterprises. Government relations risk, inharmonious government relations will lead to mutual hostility and sanctions in economy.As a result, foreign-funded enterprises are the first to be affected, which generates great risk for investment and operating activities. Economic risk mainly stems from the change in the economic policies and economic situation of the host country (Shapiro, 2010, p. 277), which changes may strike the foreign-funded enterprises and generate risk for their investment and operation. The economic risk mainly includes: Exchange rate risk, foreign investment activities often involve the conversion of different currencies.The change in exchange rate may increase the production cost, reduce the profitability of enterprises. Tax risk, the preference level of tax policy in the host country directly influences the management efficiency of enterprises. Interest rate risk, the fluctuation in the interest rate of the host country will have a direct impact on the financing cost and capital utilization efficiency of enterprises. Question d Do you except a change to the 2010 list over the next decade? Explain.Yes, I think some countries in the Third World and Eastern Europe will come into the list. With the strong economic and growth and rising standard of living, these emerging markets might be so profitable to the investors, and these host governments do recognise the free market oriented situation that it has play the role of economic growth. In the past years, the Third World’s and Eastern European countries are more open to the FDI by setting up free market oriented policies. These countries introduced a number of trade liberalization polices.In the free market system, prices and interest rate are set by market. The countries also have tax reform in the past years, that brought to foreign investors much more preferential taxation. They are accelerating the privatisation programme, it identified that government was willing to accept and support private economic activities, which leads to advance the inflow of FDI. After that, these countries also are trying to move forward is to revamp the entire civil service which could provide enough preferential treatment and protection for foreign investors.References Bank of China, 2012, Packing Loan, International Trade Financing. Accessed on: http://www. boc. cn/en/cbservice/cb3/cb35/200806/t20080627_1324121. html Shapiro, A. C. , 2010, Multinational Financial Management, 9th edn, John Wiley & Sons, New York, p. 198, p. 227, p. 230, p. 356, p. 357, p. 359, p. 464, p. 466, , p. 636, p. 638. U. S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2012, U. S. Direct Investment Position Abroad on a Historical-Cost Basis. [pic][pic][pic][pic][pic][pic]

Jack Johnson and history of the wrench Essay

Jack Johnson was an amazing man that changed history. His contribution to the world (the wrench) is still used widely throughout the world. The world and all things are either created by nature or man made, if man made it was probably constructed using hardware tools maybe including a wrench. Jack Johnson invented a history changing invention and patented it on April 18, 1922. This invention still changes lives today by putting together many of our belongings. Things like cars are repaired using a wrench and bicycles are made using wrenches. Things like chairs, beds, tables, and shelves are usually either created or fixed using a wrench and other hardware materials. A wrench is a tool that is used by hand and is used for making and repairing things. A wrench can loosen or tighten bolts, nuts, or nails using it adjustable teeth at the front of the tool. The first wrench was patented by Solymon Merrick in 1835. There is a variety of different wrenches that include; Monkey Wrench, Ratchet Wrench, Pipe Wrench, and the Rachetless Wrench, all of these different tools perform different functions. The wrench may seem like a simple hardware tool yet it is complicated, tedious, and a very precise piece of hardware.